Skip to content
    Case studiesChapter 86

    What Is a Principal Engineer at Amazon?

    Steve Huynh and Gergely Orosz on reaching Principal, Amazon's architectural trade-offs, and engineering culture at scale.

    Film or talkworking25 minevolving · reviewed Aug 13, 2026
    Staff+
    Chapter outline

    Brief

    The essential idea

    Gergely Orosz interviews Steve Huynh, a former Amazon Principal Engineer with 17 years at the company across Kindle, in-book search, payments, Amazon Local, Prime Video, and sports streaming. Huynh left Amazon in 2024 and now develops the A Life Engineered channel.

    Because Amazon has no separate Staff level, the L6-to-L7 Principal promotion is a large jump in expected scope. Principal work connects high RPS, downstream-call cascades, latency and revenue, and the monolith-to-microservices trade-off with organization-wide decision quality rather than expertise in a single service.

    Amazon reinforces this work through six-page written documents, Correction of Error reviews after incidents, a Principal community, Leadership Principles including Customer Obsession, internal talent mobility, and a strong patent culture. The role depends on written influence, business-aware technical judgment, and follow-through on corrective action without a people-management hierarchy.

    Decision lens

    Key takeaways

    Principal level is defined by breadth of system influence, not depth in one service alone.

    The L6-to-L7 jump is difficult because Amazon has no intermediate Staff level.

    Latency and scale must be translated into business consequences for prioritization.

    Six-page documents create a structured basis for difficult architecture decisions.

    Correction of Error reviews must end in owned, verified improvements.

    Principal communities and leadership principles maintain a consistent bar across the company.

    Internal talent mobility can improve both team accountability and career opportunity.

    Workplace experiment

    Apply it at work

    1. 1

      Write a six-page-style decision document for one cross-team architecture program, including alternatives and business effects.

    2. 2

      Translate a latency or reliability metric into revenue, customer, or operational impact.

    3. 3

      Review the last major incident and verify that every corrective action has an owner and completion evidence.

    4. 4

      Create a peer forum for Staff+ engineers to review high-scope decisions and calibrate expectations.

    Choose one action, define the observable effect, and keep the first test small enough to reverse.

    Evidence

    Sources and further reading

    Primary source

    Additional sources

    Channel, aggregator, and commentary links confirm the work; they are not the primary source.

    Previous chapterWeWork: The Collapse of a $47B UnicornNext chapterRoundtable: Tech Leads and Individual Contributor Growth — Turning Code into a Career